1)絮凝作用原理:聚丙(bing)烯酰胺用于絮凝時,與被絮凝物種類表面性質,特別是動電位,粘度、濁度及懸浮液的PH值有關,顆粒表面的動電位,是顆粒阻聚的原因加入表面電荷相反的PAM,能使動電位降低而凝聚。2)吸附架橋:PAM分子鏈固定在不同的顆粒表面上,各顆粒之間形成聚合物的橋,使顆粒形成聚集體而沉降。3)表面吸附:PAM分子上的極性基團顆粒的各種吸附。4)增強作用:PAM分子鏈與分散相通過種種機械、物理、化學等作用,將分散相牽連在一起,形成網狀,PAM沉淀的技術流程沉淀是發生化學反應時生成了不溶于反應物所在溶液的物質。從字意上理解就是在重力作用下沉淀去除。
污(wu)水中的(de)懸(xuan)浮物(wu)質,可以(yi)這是(shi)一種物(wu)理過程,簡便易行,效果良好,是(shi)污(wu)水處理的(de)重要技術(shu)之一。根據(ju)懸(xuan)浮物(wu)質的(de)性(xing)質、濃度及PAM性(xing)能,沉淀(dian)可以(yi)分為:自(zi)然沉淀(dian),絮凝沉淀(dian),區域沉淀(dian)。域沉淀(dian)的(de)懸(xuan)浮顆(ke)(ke)泣濃度較(jiao)高(gao)(5000mg/L以(yi)上(shang)),顆(ke)(ke)粒的(de)沉降受到周(zhou)圍其它顆(ke)(ke)粒影(ying)響,顆(ke)(ke)粒間相對位置(zhi)保持不(bu)變,形成(cheng)一個整體共同下沉,與澄(cheng)清(qing)水之間有清(qing)晰的(de)泥(ni)水界面。
藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)加(jia)(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)方式:藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)的投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)重(zhong)力(li)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)和(he)壓力(li)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia),無論哪種投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)方式,由溶解池(chi)(chi)到(dao)(dao)溶液池(chi)(chi),到(dao)(dao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)點,均應(ying)設(she)(she)置藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液提(ti)升設(she)(she)備,常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液提(ti)升設(she)(she)備是計量(liang)泵和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)器(qi)。1.重(zhong)力(li)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)重(zhong)力(li)將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵吸(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)內(nei)或(huo)者吸(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)井(jing)的吸(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)喇叭口(kou)處,利用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵葉輪混合。2.壓力(li)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵或(huo)者水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)器(qi)將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)到(dao)(dao)原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)到(dao)(dao)壓力(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),或(huo)者需(xu)要投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)到(dao)(dao)標高(gao)較(jiao)高(gao)、距(ju)離較(jiao)遠的凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)構筑物內(nei)。3.水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵投(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)是在溶液池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)升藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)液到(dao)(dao)壓力(li)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有直接采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)計量(liang)泵和(he)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)耐酸(suan)從(cong)而起增強(qiang)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
PAM在使用之前一般都需配制成0.1%~0.5%的稀釋溶液備用,配制好的溶液最好不要存放太長時間才用,這個濃度范圍的溶液在使用之前還需要近一步稀釋成0.01~0.05的溶液,原因就是可以更有肋于絮凝劑在懸浮體系中的分散,可以降低用量,而且可以取得更好的絮凝效果!